These assays are sandwich-type assays with enzymatic labelling, expect except for the RIDA®QUICK ADM Monitoring and Quantum Blue® Adalimumab, which are based on lateral flow immunoassays. Mabtrack by Sanquin uses polystyrene microtiter wells with immobilized TNF-specific mouse monoclonal antibodies. These bind recombinant TNF. The adalimumab that is present in the sample bind binds to the bound TNF on the microtiter plate and a an adalimumab/TNF/anti-TNF complex is formed. Next, a monoclonal ADAb labeled with horseradish peroxidase is added which binds to the complex. A substrate solution leads to the formation of a colored product, proportional to the amount of adalimumab present in the sample.<ref name=”[27]”>MabTrack level adalimumab (2018). Leaflet ''MabTrack level adalimumab''. Sanquin.</ref> The Adalimumab ELISA and LISA-TRACKER Adalimumab both have immobilized TNF-⍺ on the surface of the microwell plate. While the apDia Adalimumab ELISA makes use of ADAb conjugated with peroxidase to form a TNF-⍺/adalimumab/conjugated-ADAb complex, the LISA-TRACKER uses anti-human IgG biotinylated antibodies to form the complex, whereafter horseradish peroxydase labelled with streptavidin is added that binds to the complex.<ref name=”[28]”>apDia Adalimumab ELISA (2016). Leaflet ''apDia Adalimumab ELISA.'' apDia.</ref><ref name=”[29]”>LTA002 LISA-TRACKER Adalimumab (2017). Leaflet ''LTA002 LISA-TRACKER Adalimumab''. Theradiag.</ref>