[[File:Adup_sense_logo.PNG|200px|thumb|right|Logo of AdUp SenseAixSense]]
== AixSense 2019 ==
== Method ==
Anti-Adalimumab (Anti-AM) is used to immobilize the surface of the graphene based transducers where the analyte then flowed over. Changes in the impedance before and after the flow are measured using an Impedance Analyzer. Adalimumab specific transducers will then show increase of impedance against different concentrations of Adalimumab molecular binding within clinical ranges (0.1μg/ml to 10 μg/ml).
A system consisting of graphene oxide (GO) coated screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with a capture antibody specific for Humiran is used. Surface modification, as well as antibody binding events, lead to changes in the electrochemical properties of the electrode surface which can be used to determine the analyte concentration.==Molecular Recognition ==
==Molecular Recognition ==The molecules used in the biosensor are the Anti-Adalimumab Type 1 Antibody, the TNF-α - Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), and silver Nanoparticles. The Type 1 anti-adalimumab (Anti-AM) antibodies inhibit the binding of the drug adalimumab(AM) to its target, TNF-α, and therefore detect the free drug. This protein was used to bio-immobilize the Graphene based transducers. The tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), is an inflammatory cytokine produced bymacrophages/monocytes during acute inflammation and is responsible for a diverse rangeof signalling events within cells, leading to necrosis or apoptosis.Theaffinity of TNF-α to adalimumab was taken advantage of by tagging it with optically active silver nanoparticles and then flowing it over the Graphene based transducers containing the Anti-AM complex.
The graphene oxide covered working electrode is activated using EDC/NHS chemistry. Unreacted active sites are then quenched with the addition of 4 μl of 0.5% BSA. An analyte sample is then added onto Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were used as the electrode surface and allowed to incubate for 30 minutes. The electrode is then rinsed optical tags with PBS solution. Finally, a redox couple such as potassium ferrocyanide/ferricyanide is applied onto the electrode receptorproteins specific to enable a proper measurementAM.
== Prizes==
None
